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usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Publisher's Note
There have books and books on Jyoti Basu, Five decades in active politics, longest serving Chief Minister of the world. It is not a small span of life. The first autobiography 'Janaganer Sange' (With the People) was published in two volumes spanning a great part of his carrier. A more intimate  'Jatadur Monepore' was published this year. Both have been in Bengali.
jblogo_s.gif (1418 bytes) There has been an 'authorised biography' in English, but this is the first time his personal Autobiography is being published in English.
Translated from original Bengali 'Jatadur Monepore' by senior journalist, Abhijit Dasgupta
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Preface
By Jyoti Basu
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part I
Childhood Days
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part II
In London
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part III
London Mazlish
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part IV
Back Home
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part V
Organising Labour
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part VI
In the assembly
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part VII
Riots of 1946
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part VIII
Tebhaga Movement
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part IX
Independence & Partition
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part X
West Bengal assembly
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XI
I am Arrested
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XII
Party ban is Lifted

usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XIII
1952 Elections
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XIV
Resisting Tram fare rise
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XV
I am a father
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XVI
1954 teachers agitation

usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XVII
Agitations unabetted
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XVIII
Goa Liberation War
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XIX
The Reorganisation of states
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XX
Party Congress
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XXI
Second General Elections
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XXII
A wave of mass agitations
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XXIII
Inflation Crisis
usm-red.gif (836 bytes)Part XXIV
1957 Elections

 MEMORIES: The Ones That Have Lasted
(A political autobiography)

Tebhaga Movement

 

The Tebhaga movement was one of the proudest moments in the history of the farmers’ movement in undivided Bengal. Tebhaga, simply put, mean that 2/3rds of the crops tilled by the Baradyas and Adhiyars would have to go to the farmers. The idea was to enact a low to give recognition to this demand. 41% of the farmers, according to the Land & Revenue Commission in 1940 were Baradyas and Adhiyars. In the same year the Commission had agreed that this demand was only in order. A draft bill was been readied and circulated. But this had been swept under the carpet later on. I asked Suhrawarddi as to why this has been done. Suhrawarddi told me that he did not know that we had so many landlords in his party! In other words, he admitted that it was these Zamindars who had forced the Bill to be sabotaged.

The farmers waited for years. When it was realised that the Bill was only a pipedream, it was then decided that the Tebhaga demand would have to take an agitational route. After the Second World War, the farmers took to active struggle. The movement was already taking place in bits and starts in many districts. However in the beginning of 1947, it took the form of an organised movement throughout the State particularly in North Bengal. There was a general awakening in places like Mymensingh, Jalpaiguri, Jessore, Khulna, Rangpur, Dinajpur and 24-parganas. The catchword that went around was; "We want Tebhaga. We will give our lives but not our crop."

With law and order being the easiest excuse, the Police went on torturing the farmers; firing and lathi charges on peaceful gatherings were the order of the day.

In the early part of 1947, I moved extensively in Mymensingh, Khulna and Jalpaiguri. My report was as an eyewitness.

At least 70 farmers had died because of unjustified police firing,. There was arson by the Police. Even women were not spared.

But this sort of atrocities could not stop the progress of the movement. The movement went ahead even though the police torture grew. I raised the issue four times during the month of March 1947. We had published a number of leaflets about the agitations; detailed repots had also come in from the District Units. My first hand experience during my tours also helped in preparing my speeches.

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